Saturday, March 26, 2011

On the Reservation

There are many forms of racism in the world. Usually when we think of racism, it is usually between the whites and the blacks, but there are other less known forms. One example is between the whites and the Native Americans. Many treaties between Indians and whites have been broken in the past.

An American Indian Reservation is an area of land manage by a tribe of Native Americans under the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs. Today there are about 310 reservations in the United States but there are 510 tribes. Some tribes own one reservations, some several, some share with other tribes, and some have no reservations.

The first political leader to suggest the reservation policy was Andrew Jackson. In the 1820s, there were soaring profits to be made in cotton farming, and planters wanted to move westward into Native American lands. The Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole peoples lived on about 100 million acres of fertile land in western parts of the Carolinas, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

Just after Jackson took office, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi began to take control of the Indian lands within their state, breaking federal treaties. Jackson supported these actions. In 1830 he encouraged Congress's passage of the Indian Removal Act, which authorized him to give Native Americans land in parts of the Louisiana Purchase in exchange for lands taken from them in the East.

For the  100 million acres of fertile land, the Indians only got 32 million acres back and the land was not as good as their previous lands.